IPC
3 years ago
Other than 420, which Indian Penal Codes can be used against a fraud who has taken money on false promises?
Like for personal/mental suffering, loss etc.
Rajive Bafna
Responded 3 years ago
A.According Sec 420 of IPC when a person cheats and thereby dishonestly induces the other person who is deceived to deliver any property to any other person or makes, alters or destroys the whole or any part of a valuable security, or anything which is signed or sealed, and which is capable of being converted into a valuable security, shall be punished with imprisonment of either description for a term which may extend to seven years, and shall also be liable to fine. Sec 420 of IPC is an aggravated form of cheating.
Simple cheating is punishable under Section 417 of IPC. Section 417 of IPC states that whoever is held liable for the offence of cheating shall be punished with imprisonment for a term which may extend to one year or with fine, or with both fine and imprisonment.
In case where there is delivery or destruction of any property or alteration or destruction of any valuable security from the act of the person who is deceiving, the offence is punishable under Section 420 of the IPC.
Under Section 420 of IPC, it is necessary to prove that the complainant was acting on a representation which was a false representation and the accused had a dishonest intention for it.
Simple cheating is punishable under Section 417 of IPC. Section 417 of IPC states that whoever is held liable for the offence of cheating shall be punished with imprisonment for a term which may extend to one year or with fine, or with both fine and imprisonment.
In case where there is delivery or destruction of any property or alteration or destruction of any valuable security from the act of the person who is deceiving, the offence is punishable under Section 420 of the IPC.
Under Section 420 of IPC, it is necessary to prove that the complainant was acting on a representation which was a false representation and the accused had a dishonest intention for it.
Helpful
Helpful
Share
A.Sections are not important. Placing of evidence before the Court is more important. It has a long process. Many a times the witnesses may turn hostile and documents may contradict with each other.
===================================================
Section 406 in The Indian Penal Code
406. Punishment for criminal breach of trust.—Whoever commits criminal breach of trust shall be punished with imprisonment of either description for a term which may extend to three years, or with fine, or with both.
Section 405 in The Indian Penal Code
405. Criminal breach of trust.—Whoever, being in any manner entrusted with property, or with any dominion over property, dishonestly misappropriates or converts to his own use that property, or dishonestly uses or disposes of that property in violation of any direction of law prescribing the mode in which such trust is to be discharged, or of any legal contract, express or implied, which he has made touching the discharge of such trust, or wilfully suffers any other person so to do, commits “criminal breach of trust”. 1[Explanation 2[1].—A person, being an employer 3[of an estab¬lishment whether exempted under section 17 of the Employees’ Provident Funds and Miscellaneous Provisions Act, 1952 (19 of 1952), or not] who deducts the employee’s contribution from the wages payable to the employee for credit to a Provident Fund or Family Pension Fund established by any law for the time being in force, shall be deemed to have been entrusted with the amount of the contribution so deducted by him and if he makes default in the payment of such contribution to the said Fund in violation of the said law, shall be deemed to have dishonestly used the amount of the said contribution in violation of a direction of law as aforesaid.] 4[Explanation 2.—A person, being an employer, who deducts the employees’ contribution from the wages payable to the employee for credit to the Employees’ State Insurance Fund held and admin¬istered by the Employees’ State Insurance Corporation established under the Employees’ State Insurance Act, 1948 (34 of 1948), shall be deemed to have been entrusted with the amount of the contribution so deducted by him and if he makes default in the payment of such contribution to the said Fund in violation of the said Act, shall be deemed to have dishonestly used the amount of the said contribution in violation of a direction of law as aforesaid.] Illustrations
(a) A, being executor to the will of a deceased person, dishon¬estly disobeys the law which directs him to divide the effects according to the will, and appropriate them to his own use. A has committed criminal breach of trust.
(b) A is a warehouse-keeper. Z going on a journey, entrusts his furniture to A, under a contract that it shall be returned on payment of a stipulated sum for warehouse room. A dishonestly sells the goods. A has committed criminal breach of trust.
(c) A, residing in Calcutta, is agent for Z, residing at Delhi. There is an express or implied contract between A and Z, that all sums remitted by Z to A shall be invested by A, according to Z’s direction. Z remits a lakh of rupees to A, with directions to A to invest the same in Company’s paper. A dishonestly disobeys the direction and employs the money in his own business. A has com¬mitted criminal breach of trust.
(d) But if A, in the last illustration, not dishonestly but in good faith, believing that it will be more for Z’s advantage to hold shares in the Bank of Bengal, disobeys Z’s directions, and buys shares in the Bank of Bengal, for Z, instead of buying Company’s paper, here, though Z should suffer loss, and should be entitled to bring a civil action against A, on account of that loss, yet A, not having acted dishonestly, has not committed criminal breach of trust.
(e) A, a revenue-officer, is entrusted with public money and is either directed by law, or bound by a contract, express or im¬plied, with the Government, to pay into a certain treasury all the public money which he holds. A dishonestly appropriates the money. A has committed criminal breach of trust.
(f) A, a carrier, is entrusted by Z with property to be carried by land or by water. A dishonestly misappropriates the property. A has committed criminal breach of trust. Comments Criminal Conspiracy Sanction for prosecution is not necessary if a public servant is charged for offence of entering into a criminal conspiracy for committed breach of trust; State of Kerala v. Padmanabham Nair, 1999 Cr LJ 3696 (SC). Criminal breach of trust: Meaning and extent It must be proved that the beneficial interest in the property in respect of which the offence is alleged to have been committed was vested in some person other than the accused, and that the accused held that property on behalf of that person. A relationship is created between the transferor and transferee, whereunder the transferor remains the owner of the property and the transferee has legal custody of the property for the benefit of the transferor himself or transferee has only the custody of the property for the benefit of the transferor himself or someone else. At best, the transferee obtains in the property entrusted to him only special interest limited to claim for his charges in respect of its safe retention, and under no circumstances does he acquire a right to dispose of that property in contravention of the condition of the entrustment; Jaswantrai Manilal Akhaney v. State of Bombay, AIR 1956 SC 575. Entrustment The word entrusted in the section is very important unless there is entrustment, there can be no offence under the section; Ramaswami Nadar v. State of Madras, AIR 1958 SC 56.
If my answer is helpful to you then please give my FIVE STAR
===================================================
Section 406 in The Indian Penal Code
406. Punishment for criminal breach of trust.—Whoever commits criminal breach of trust shall be punished with imprisonment of either description for a term which may extend to three years, or with fine, or with both.
Section 405 in The Indian Penal Code
405. Criminal breach of trust.—Whoever, being in any manner entrusted with property, or with any dominion over property, dishonestly misappropriates or converts to his own use that property, or dishonestly uses or disposes of that property in violation of any direction of law prescribing the mode in which such trust is to be discharged, or of any legal contract, express or implied, which he has made touching the discharge of such trust, or wilfully suffers any other person so to do, commits “criminal breach of trust”. 1[Explanation 2[1].—A person, being an employer 3[of an estab¬lishment whether exempted under section 17 of the Employees’ Provident Funds and Miscellaneous Provisions Act, 1952 (19 of 1952), or not] who deducts the employee’s contribution from the wages payable to the employee for credit to a Provident Fund or Family Pension Fund established by any law for the time being in force, shall be deemed to have been entrusted with the amount of the contribution so deducted by him and if he makes default in the payment of such contribution to the said Fund in violation of the said law, shall be deemed to have dishonestly used the amount of the said contribution in violation of a direction of law as aforesaid.] 4[Explanation 2.—A person, being an employer, who deducts the employees’ contribution from the wages payable to the employee for credit to the Employees’ State Insurance Fund held and admin¬istered by the Employees’ State Insurance Corporation established under the Employees’ State Insurance Act, 1948 (34 of 1948), shall be deemed to have been entrusted with the amount of the contribution so deducted by him and if he makes default in the payment of such contribution to the said Fund in violation of the said Act, shall be deemed to have dishonestly used the amount of the said contribution in violation of a direction of law as aforesaid.] Illustrations
(a) A, being executor to the will of a deceased person, dishon¬estly disobeys the law which directs him to divide the effects according to the will, and appropriate them to his own use. A has committed criminal breach of trust.
(b) A is a warehouse-keeper. Z going on a journey, entrusts his furniture to A, under a contract that it shall be returned on payment of a stipulated sum for warehouse room. A dishonestly sells the goods. A has committed criminal breach of trust.
(c) A, residing in Calcutta, is agent for Z, residing at Delhi. There is an express or implied contract between A and Z, that all sums remitted by Z to A shall be invested by A, according to Z’s direction. Z remits a lakh of rupees to A, with directions to A to invest the same in Company’s paper. A dishonestly disobeys the direction and employs the money in his own business. A has com¬mitted criminal breach of trust.
(d) But if A, in the last illustration, not dishonestly but in good faith, believing that it will be more for Z’s advantage to hold shares in the Bank of Bengal, disobeys Z’s directions, and buys shares in the Bank of Bengal, for Z, instead of buying Company’s paper, here, though Z should suffer loss, and should be entitled to bring a civil action against A, on account of that loss, yet A, not having acted dishonestly, has not committed criminal breach of trust.
(e) A, a revenue-officer, is entrusted with public money and is either directed by law, or bound by a contract, express or im¬plied, with the Government, to pay into a certain treasury all the public money which he holds. A dishonestly appropriates the money. A has committed criminal breach of trust.
(f) A, a carrier, is entrusted by Z with property to be carried by land or by water. A dishonestly misappropriates the property. A has committed criminal breach of trust. Comments Criminal Conspiracy Sanction for prosecution is not necessary if a public servant is charged for offence of entering into a criminal conspiracy for committed breach of trust; State of Kerala v. Padmanabham Nair, 1999 Cr LJ 3696 (SC). Criminal breach of trust: Meaning and extent It must be proved that the beneficial interest in the property in respect of which the offence is alleged to have been committed was vested in some person other than the accused, and that the accused held that property on behalf of that person. A relationship is created between the transferor and transferee, whereunder the transferor remains the owner of the property and the transferee has legal custody of the property for the benefit of the transferor himself or transferee has only the custody of the property for the benefit of the transferor himself or someone else. At best, the transferee obtains in the property entrusted to him only special interest limited to claim for his charges in respect of its safe retention, and under no circumstances does he acquire a right to dispose of that property in contravention of the condition of the entrustment; Jaswantrai Manilal Akhaney v. State of Bombay, AIR 1956 SC 575. Entrustment The word entrusted in the section is very important unless there is entrustment, there can be no offence under the section; Ramaswami Nadar v. State of Madras, AIR 1958 SC 56.
If my answer is helpful to you then please give my FIVE STAR
Helpful
Helpful
Share
AGENDRA SINGH GHURAIYA
Responded 3 years ago
A.Do you have any document against him which states that you have given money?
If the person has given post dated cheque then you can file a case according to section 138 of negotiable instrument act. And if you have any kind of agreement which states that he/she has taken money from you, then you can file a case of debt recovery (recovery of money i.e B-class civil suit) Or in case you don't have any document against him then you have to send legal notice mentioning about the act committed by him/her.afterwards according to 420,ipc you can lodge FIR against him/her.
If the person has given post dated cheque then you can file a case according to section 138 of negotiable instrument act. And if you have any kind of agreement which states that he/she has taken money from you, then you can file a case of debt recovery (recovery of money i.e B-class civil suit) Or in case you don't have any document against him then you have to send legal notice mentioning about the act committed by him/her.afterwards according to 420,ipc you can lodge FIR against him/her.
Helpful
Helpful
Share
Read Related Answers
Tree near boundary
Dear Client,
It is advisable to discuss the issue with your neighbor and try to solve it amicably. If it's not resolved through verbal request, then you can send a legal notice and demand them to make...
Property way dispute
Dear Client,
You need to adhere to the schedule of the property as mentioned in the Sale Deed. As per the sale deed, you are entitled to the common passage area of 9 feet passage. However, suppose the...
Suit for Declaration Clarification
Dear Client,
Chapter VI of the Specific Relief Act 1963 provides for Declaratory Decrees under Section 34 of the Act. Any person entitled to any legal character, or to any right as to any property, ma...
Regarding Preamtion
Dear Client,
We would require more details to precisely answer your question on pre-emption rights. In case, a sale deed is executed for the properties in which you hold shares without your consent, t...
Building house on land assigned for shop
Dear Client,
Generally, it is illegal to construct a house on the land granted for commercial activities or vice-versa without the permission of the local authorities. We would require more details on...
Read Blogs on Civil
Civil Lawyers
Find Lawyers by Location
